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  • Некоторые метрики заблокированы вашими 
    Тип записи:Публикация,
    Virtual Reality and Consciousness: Cultural and Philosophical Perspectives
    (Lectito Journals, 2025-11-25) ; ; ; ;
    Anar Sultaniyarova
    This article examines the essence and significance of virtual reality, tracing its emergence, development, and growing impact on public life and human consciousness. Virtual reality is understood as a complex system that integrates both hardware and software to create immersive, interactive environments. Initially designed to provide individuals with a safe and innovative way to explore the world, it has since expanded into a wide range of industries, offering transformative possibilities across education, healthcare, entertainment, and cultural spheres. In the context of the 21st-century information age, virtual reality occupies an increasingly central role in daily life. Alongside unprecedented opportunities for creativity and discovery, it has also fostered new forms of dependency that subtly shape and influence the human mind. The phenomenon of virtual reality thus extends beyond technology itself, encompassing cultural, aesthetic, semiotic, and even philosophical dimensions. Its integration into modern consciousness raises pressing questions about the boundaries between the “virtual” and the “real.” To address the ambiguity and multiplicity of interpretations surrounding the term “virtual reality,” this article emphasizes the importance of clarifying the underlying concepts of “virtual,” “reality,” and “virtual reality.” Such conceptual clarity is necessary to fully grasp the essence of the phenomenon and to assess its implications for the evolution of human thought and consciousness.
  • Некоторые метрики заблокированы вашими 
    Тип записи:Публикация,
    Dzud and Natural Disasters in Kazakh Epic as a Unique Adaptation Tool
    (Lectito Journals, 2025-11-30)
    Berik Tulemissov
    ;
    Самал Адылханова
    ;
    Жаныл Мадалиева
    ;
    This article systematically examines the depiction of natural disasters in traditional Kazakh epic poetry and analyzes their role in nomadic adaptation strategies. The research draws upon major epic cycles such as " Kobylandy Batyr " (29 versions), "Er Targyn", "Alpamys Batyr", "Kambar Batyr", and "Edige Batyr" analyzing the mythological, symbolic, and practical dimensions of drought, aridity, floods, and other natural disasters. The Kazakh epic tradition transforms natural disasters into multifaceted narrative and cultural tools: they test heroic characters, mark cosmic transitions, strengthen social solidarity, and encode ecological knowledge for nomadic societies. Through textual analysis, ethnographic contextualization, and comparative methodology, the article demonstrates that natural disaster motifs in Kazakh epic represent a complex cultural mechanism for processing collective trauma, preserving ecological memory, and transmitting survival strategies across generations. The dzud phenomenon — the most dangerous natural disaster in nomadic Eurasia — occupies a central place in epics and serves as a marker of the heroic ideal, community stability, and humanity's capacity to resist natural forces. The 2023-2025 dzud phenomenon in Mongolia, which caused 8.1 million livestock deaths, gives new significance to studying adaptation strategies in epics and opens possibilities for integrating traditional ecological knowledge into contemporary sustainability discourse.