Eurasian Journal of Ecology

ISSN

1563-034X

2617-7358

Издатель

Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Ключевые слова

Botany and Plant Ecol...

Heavy metals in envir...

Environmental and Ana...

Plant Ecology and Soi...

Environmental Toxicol...

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Влияние факторов среды обитания на развитие видов грибов с полей и из зернохранилищ
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2019-02-04)
Zh. T. Abdrassulova
;
Sultan Tuleukhanovich Tuleukhanov
;
Ж. Ж. Кужантаева
;
С Б Жиенбай
;
Н Х Хaмитовa
The article shows the results of a study of the biological and environmental characteristics of fungithat damage crops. Seeds of grain crops were collected from granaries of Talgar, Ili, Karasai and Zhambyldistricts of Almaty region.728 samples of cereal seeds (Triticum aestivum L., Avena sativa L., Hordeum vulgare L., Zea mays L., Oryza sativa L., Sorghum) were collected. Based on studies of morphologicaland cultural characteristics, the following species of mushrooms are identified: Penicillium expansumLink, Aspergillus flavus Link, Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb., Alternaria alternate (Fr) Keisse, Macrosporiumcommune Wall., Fusarium proliferatum (Matsush.), Alternaria tenuis Neees, West Africa, West Africa. ,Mucor mucedo Fres, Helminthosporium sativum Pammel, Cladosporium herbarium (Pers.) Link, Trichothecium roseum Link. In determining the damage to the types of fungi grain crops were used methodsfor determining the morphological and cultural characteristics, macroscopic. Depending on the morphological features of the species of fungi, the damaging grains were determined using the Naumov andLitvinov determinants. Identified environmental factors affecting the development of species of fungi.The effect of temperature and humidity on the growth and development of species of fungi was studied.Key words: fungi, grain seeds, field fungus, storage fungus,
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The study of induction of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) SOS-response in bacteria Escherichia coli
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2020-01-01)
Е. В. Игонина
;
А. А. Лебедева
;
Serikbai K. Abilev
;
Б. С. Жошибекова
8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) is used for photochemotherapy of psoriasis and vitiligo. In therapy, called PUVA therapy, the affected skin of a patient who has previously been prescribed 8-MOP is irradiated with UV-A (> 320 nm). As a result of the photochemical reaction, 8-MOP forms a covalent bond with the pyrimidine bases of DNA and forms both monofunctional and bifunctional adducts. The latter cause 8-MOP-mediated cytotoxicity, leading to the death of psoriatic cells. However, in surviving cells, these same adducts can cause 8-MOP genotoxicity. For a comparative study of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of 8-MOP, the E. coli MG1655 lux biosensor (pColD-lux), carrying a recombinant plasmid with a lux operon controlled by the colD gene promoter, was first used. The colD gene (cda) is part of the E. coli SOS-regulon, which provides DNA repair and cell resistance to DNA damage. The death of bacteria was taken into account as an indicator of the cytotoxicity of 8-MOP+UV-A, and the death of bacteria was taken into account by the change in the luminescence intensity of the biosensor. Induction of 8-MOP-mediated SOS-response in bacteria depends on the dose of UV-A, and on the concentration of 8-MOP. At high UV-A doses, a 25-fold decrease in the survival of bacterial cells was detected (from 2 × 108 to 8 × 106 CFU), and in viable cells, an increase in the intensity of the SOS response by 675 times in terms of 106 cells. Thus, it was shown that in the bacterial test system, the genotoxic effect of 8-MOP is several times higher than its cytotoxicity. Key words: 8-methoxypsoralen, lux biosensor, E. coli, colD gene promoter, SOS response, UV radiation, adducts.
Цитирования (OpenAlex) 3Цитирования (OpenCitations) 2
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ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS L. AND PLATYCLADUS ORIENTALIS L. SPECIES ON THE ECOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF SOILS IN ALMATY CONDITIONS
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2025-03-30)
Nurgul Yerezhepova
;
Kanat Qulymbet
;
Ainur Yerezhepova
Most of the pollutants from the atmosphere of the urbanised area get into the soil. Due to the increase in population and motor transport in Almaty city there is a high level of atmospheric air pollution, increased content of heavy metals in the soil. Accumulation of heavy metals by green trees from the soil positively affects soil conditions, in this regard, it is relevant to assess the current state of soil cover of regions where Thuja occidentalis L. and Platycladus orientalis L. trees grow. In the article, to determine the influence of western and eastern thuja trees on soil composition, soil were obtained with coordinates at point 2 and control point, where trees of thuja species grew side by side. Total and mobile content of heavy metals in soil (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Morphological characterisation of the soil cover was made, granulometric composition and soil types were determined by the Tyurin method. Point 1 Thuja occidentalis L. humus content in soil cuttings on which the tree was growing showed maximum content of 3.82% in 0-10 cm, while Platycladus orientalis L. when growing the humus content is low 1.86%, the soil in point 2 opposite Platycladus orientalis L. humus content of 2.96% when growing Thuja occidentalis L. (2.14%) has a higher humus content compared to the augmented soil. Thuja occidentalis L. and Platycladus orientalis L. in the control, where the species grew together, the humus content is 3.1%. the pH value ranged from 8.26 to 8.81, with soil cuttings generally showing a strong alkaline environment. Among the heavy metals, Zn, Cu and Fe were found to be significantly above the MAC in the soil, meaning that the soils of the study area were contaminated with heavy metals. At profile 1, the soil on which western thuja grew has less amount of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe compared to the soil on which eastern thuja grew, Mn- and others are above MAC. At profile 3, only the Fe size of Platycladus orientalis L. is higher in the overgrown soil. Thuja occidentalis L. and Platycladus orientalis L. where the species grew together, the amount of Mn decreased by 452.2µg/kg. The study showed that the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil decreased when growing the western thuja species compared to the eastern thuja species. Keywords: Thuja, soil cover, granulometric composition, humus, heavy metals, MPC
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ЖҮГЕРІ РИЗОБАКТЕРИЯЛАРЫ - ӨСІМДІКТЕРДІҢ ӨНІМДІЛІГІН ЖӘНЕ ҚОРҒАНЫСЫН АРТТЫРУДЫҢ ПЕРСПЕКТИВАЛЫ БИОИНОКУЛЯНТТАРЫ
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2025-12-30)
Zhuldyz Batykova
;
Aida Kistaubayeva
;
Laila Saidullayeva
;
Ulzhan Erezhetova
;
M. A. Abdulzhanova
Қазіргі таңда ауыл шаруашылығында саласы топырақ деградациясы, қоректік элементтердің азаюы және фитопатогендердің таралуы сияқты экологиялық қиындықтар жиі туындайды. Осы мәселелерді шешудің баламалы тәсілдерінің бірі – өсімдіктердің өсуін ынталандыратын ризобактерияларды (PGPR) қолдану. Осы зерттеу жұмысы жергілікті экологиялық жағдайға бейімделген жүгері (Zea mays L., КазЗП 200) ризосферасынан бөлініп алынған автохтонды бактериялардың биологиялық белсенділігін жан-жақты бағалауға бағытталды. Алынған 25 бактериялық изоляттың ішінде 15 грамтеріс және 10 грамоң штамм анықталды. Алдын ала жүргізілген скрининг олардың өсімдікке пайдалы қасиеттерін салыстыруға мүмкіндік беріп, нәтижесінде ең тиімді деп танылған екі перспективалы штамм - BJ14 және BJ18 зерттеуге таңдалып алынды. Бұл штаммдардың функционалдық әлеуеті бірнеше биологиялық көрсеткіш бойынша бағаланды: индол-3-сірке қышқылының (ИСҚ) синтезі, ерімейтін фосфатты өсімдікке қолжетімді формаға айналдыру қабілеті, атмосфералық азотты фиксациялау және фитопатогендерге қарсы антагонистік әсер. BJ18 ең жоғары ИСҚ мөлшерін (61.4 мг/мл) өндіруі және фосфатты тиімді еріту қабілетін көрсетті. Ал BJ14 изоляты екі фитопатогенге қарсы да ең жоғары ингибициялық әсер көрсетіп, Pythium spp. өсуін 73%, ал Alternaria alternata дамуын 62–63% деңгейінде тежеп, тұрақты әрі айқын биобақылау белсенділігімен ерекшеленді. Зерттеу нәтижелері бұл ризобактериялардың өсімдіктердің қоректік элементтерді сіңіруін жақсартуда, олардың өсуін ынталандыруда және фитопатогендердің дамуын тежеуде жоғары тиімділікке ие екенін көрсетті. Мұндай көпфункционалды штаммдар ауыл шаруашылығында химиялық тыңайтқыштар мен фунгицидтерді алмастыра алатын экологиялық тұрғыдан қауіпсіз биоинкулянттарды әзірлеуге нақты мүмкіндік береді. Алынған деректер тұрақты ауыл шаруашылығы технологияларын қалыптастыруда жергілікті PGPR штаммдарының маңыздылығын айқындайды. Түйін сөздер: ризобактериялар, PGPR, индол-сірке ұышұылы, фосфат еріту, мырыш солюбилизациясы, антагонистік белсенділік
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ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE POPULATION OF THE SPECIES RHEUM WITTROCKII LUNDSTR. FLORA OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2025-12-30)
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Kuralai Orazbekova
;
Marzhankul Dauletbayeva
;
Ainur Tanybayeva
;
Bayan Tussupova
This article is devoted to the study of the current state of the Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. species population, floristic composition and ecological characteristics of this species populations in the Uzynkara and Ile-Alatau ridges, Almaty region. Rheum wittrockii Lundstr., an ancient genus of the Neogene period of Asian origin, includes 9 species in Kazakhstan. Three natural populations of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. were studied in various ecological and phytocenotic conditions of the Uzynkara and Ile-Alatau ridges. Rheum wittrockii in the studied areas are distributed in the middle part of the forest belt of mid-mountains where they exhibit high adaptive abilities, which indicate their ecological plasticity, are characterized by high rates of seed and vegetative reproduction, are resistant to diseases, retain a characteristic habitus in culture, are highly decorative and can be recommended for use in landscaping. In most populations of Rheum wittrockii, generative and virginal individuals prevailed, less often pregenerative individuals played the main role in the population. As a result of the monitoring, the population size in the studied area has been rapidly declining in recent decades, which requires necessary measures to preserve and restore the population size of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. species in the studied area. To maintain and ensure normal life of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. populations in the studied areas, it is necessary to standardize the degree of anthropogenic impacts. The main anthropogenic threats to the rare species Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. are overgrazing, habitat disturbance, which have led to a reduction in populations, which will require conservation strategies such as habitat monitoring. Keywords: natural populations, plant communities, rare species, Uzynkara. Ile Alatau

Eurasian Journal of Ecology

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