Experimental biology

ISSN

1563-0218

2617-7498

Издатель

Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Ключевые слова

Botany and Plant Ecol...

Mediterranean and Ibe...

Fish Biology and Ecol...

Plant Ecology and Tax...

Fish Ecology and Mana...

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Показано: 1 - 10 из 11

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МОРФОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛАКТОЗОСБРАЖИВАЮЩИХ ДРОЖЖЕЙ, ВЫДЕЛЕННЫХ ИЗ КИСЛОМОЛОЧНЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ СМЕШАННОГО БРОЖЕНИЯ
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2024-06-20)
Акмарал Сартаева
;
Zukhra Orazayeva
;
Elmira Imаnova
;
Elzira Kyrbassova
;
Meruyert Parmanbekova
It is known that long-term storage of cultures with the help of periodic reseeding does not always ensure the stability of morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics. In this regard, the question arises of the need to study the range of variability of individual characters and the influence of the environment on the heterogeneity properties of collection cultures and study their morphophysiological properties. We considered it appropriate to return to the study of the main taxonomically significant phenotypic characters of these yeasts. As a result, it was noted that the culture of Candida sphaerica KM95 does not show natural variability, which would be expressed in the macromorphological heterogeneity of the population: almost all colonies had similar characteristics. The culture of Candida kefyr var. kumis 17 when sieving on a dense medium, a noticeable variability is observed in a number of morphological features. Thus, the population composition is represented by several types of colonies that differ from each other in size, color, shape, structure, etc. In search of cultures that ferment lactose intensively, 25 yeast strains isolated from shubat and assigned to the genus Candida were tested. As a result of a comparative study of enzymatic activity, by examining the ability of different strains to ferment lactose, the most active of them were identified - C. sphaerica 1M and C. sphaerica 3M. According to our observations, the studied cultures are able to ferment maltose after their long-term cultivation on wort agar, however, the ability to grow on a medium with lactose is lost.
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INTRODUCTION AND COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF MALUS SIEVERSII VARIETY CLONES OF THE DZHUNGARIAN POPULATION
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2021-06-30)
LAURA SH. SHADMANOVA
;
G.S. Mukanova
;
S. N. Murzahmetov
;
A. B. Alpysbayeva
;
A. Sankaibaeva
Malus sieversii is a mountain-steppe and valley tree species widespread in the mountains of southeast Kazakhstan. The aim of this work is to study the structure of variability and intraspecific differentiation of Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem. based on a complex of morphological features of generative organs and the characteristics of the seasonal rhythm of apple trees in natural and introduction conditions. Malus sieversii is a mountain-steppe and valley tree species widespread in the mountains of southeast Kazakhstan. The introduction collection of Malus sieversii’s forms growing in the Main Botanical Garden of Almaty (GBS) is a source of global genetic resources. According to the research data, the intraspecific variability of the studied apple tree forms was characterized by heterogeneous morphometric parameters of the generative organs. The studied apple trees are distinguished by heterogeneous morphometric parameters. Large-flowered forms were observed both in natural populations and in GBS. In the conditions of the Dzungarian Alatau, the large sizes of flowers were characteristic of the forms in the gorges of Pikhtovaya and Mushabay. Among the variety clones the sample TP-19 selected in the Pikhtovaya distinguished itself by the large size of the corollas.
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TRITICUM L. ЖӘНЕ SECALE L. ТУЫСТАРЫНЫҢ МӘДЕНИ ТҮРЛЕРІНЕ БИОХИМИЯЛЫҚ ТАЛДАУ ЖАСАУ
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2022-06-29)
А.А. Kulbekova
;
Ж. Ж. Кужантаева
;
А.А. Ydyrys
;
Zh. M. Eralieva
;
D.S. Bataeva
In the article Triticum L. and Secale L. to clarify the bioecological features of the species, the chemical composition of a number of varieties containing macronutrients, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber and vitamins was determined. The study included varieties of winter soft wheat "Mereke 70" and " Dimash "and winter durum wheat" Kazakhstansky yantar ", winter rye Tretikale" Taza", cultivated in the regions of Almaty and Zhambyl regions.
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MOLECULAR GENETIC IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM GOAT MILK
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2023-03-20)
Sanam Nadirova
;
Yu.A. Sinyavskiy
;
R.S. Utegalieva
;
E.Zh. Gabdullina
;
S.N. Abdreshov
In recent years there has been a steady trend towards an increase in the number of studies on the study of probiotics, which have a beneficial effect on the body: improve the intestinal microflora; contribute to the reduction of pathogenic bacteria; have the ability to produce substances with antimicrobial activity. In order to obtain probiotics from domestic raw materials, molecular genetic identification of bacterial strains was carried out. The object for the isolation of lactic acid bacteria was natural goat milk from the Almaty region, IE "Bekezhanova". Identification of bacterial strains was carried out on an ABI 3500 xL genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems) using 16S primers 8F and 806R at the Scientific and Practical Center for Microbiology and Virology (Almaty). Phylogenetic analysis was performed using MEGA 6 software. Nucleotide sequence alignment was performed using the ClustalW algorithm. The results were obtained using the method of determining the direct nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene fragment, followed by comparison of the nucleotide identity with the sequences deposited in the international GenBank database. According to the results of the studies, the isolated strains of lactic acid bacteria according to the GenBank database were assigned to Lactobacillus fermentum (identity above 99.73%). These strains of microorganisms isolated from goat's milk may be promising for the production of domestic food products. On their basis it is proposed to create fermented milk products for preventive purposes.
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ЭКОЛОГО-ФИТОЦЕНОТИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ ЭНДЕМИЧНОГО ВИДА TULIPA BRACHYSTEMON REGEL НА СЕВЕРНОМ МАКРОСКЛОНЕ ЖЕТЫСУСКОГО АЛАТАУ
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2026-09-20)
B. Sh. Kaliyev
;
Liliya A. Dimeyeva
;
Kapar Ussen
;
Ажар Иманалинова
;
Ж.Е. Сагидолдина
Tulipa brachystemon Regel is a narrowly distributed endemic whose occurrence within the Zhetysu Alatau mountains remains insufficiently studied, while information on its phytocoenotic affinity and habitat structure is still fragmentary. Therefore, the study of plant communities with the participation of T. brachystemon and the assessment of its role within the vegetation cover of the northern macroslope of the Zhetysu Alatau mountains are of considerable relevance. The aim of this study was to summarize available data on plant communities with the participation of Tulipa brachystemon on the northern macroslope of the Zhetysu Alatau mountains, to identify the floristic features of these communities and to assess the phytocoenotic affinity of the species. The scientific significance of the study lies in the synthesis of all available information on the composition and diversity of plant communities containing Tulipa brachystemon. The study was based on field investigations conducted between 2015 and 2022, herbarium collections, ...
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БИОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ И МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ARTEMIA PARTHENOGENETICA, ОБОГАЩЁННОЙ ARTHROSPIRA PLATENSIS ZTS-2024
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2026-09-20)
Damys Salauat
;
Dariga Batayeva
;
Gaukhar Jumakhanova
;
Sofiakhan Alimova
;
Zh. S. Omarova
Live feeds of the genus Artemia are widely used in aquaculture, but their nutritional value and microbiological quality depend on culture conditions and can be improved through biological enrichment. This study evaluated the effect of enriching Artemia parthenogenetica with the Arthrospira platensis ZTS-2024 strain on biochemical characteristics and microbiological quality. The strain, isolated from the southeastern saline area of Lake Balkhash (Jetisu Region, Kazakhstan), was used for 18- and 24-h enrichment. Amino acid and fatty acid compositions, total culturable bacterial counts, Vibrio spp. abundance, and hemolytic bacterial counts were determined. The experiment included three biological replicates, and the data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Enrichment increased several amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), with the greatest changes after 24 h. At 24 h, total culturable bacteria in the enriched group were 670 ± 430 CFU·individual⁻¹, an 87.1% reduction relative to the corresponding control; hemolytic bacteria decreased by 93.6%, and Vibrio spp. by 90.8%. The study extends evidence on the combined nutritional and microbiological benefits of using a local Arthrospira platensis strain for Artemia enrichment. The practical value of the results lies in the potential use of Arthrospira platensis ZTS-2024 in live-feed preparation for aquaculture.
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A PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE RBCL GENE SEQUENCE OF THE PLANT GENUS AEGOPODIUM L.
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2023-12-20)
Elzira Kyrbassova
;
А.А. Sartayeva
;
М. Parmanbekova
;
E.М. Imanova
;
G.I. Yernazarova
For many diseases, medicinal plants have been used in treatment since ancient times. The relevance of research on medicinal plants is growing day by day. This is due to the fact that the effect of medicinal plants is higher and the effect of chemical drugs is stronger. Currently, there are numerious studies on the effects of medicinal plants and it is proven that they act more sparingly than chemical drugs. In this regard, genetic taxonomic determination will be more effective than morphological identification of medicinal plants. Thanks to the bioinformatics, it is increasingly possible to identify genes isolated from plants, align them with genes in a database, and perform phylogenetic analysis. In our work, DNA was isolated from the leaves of Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb., and the rbcL gene was sequenced, then a phylogenetic analysis was carried out to determine the relationship with Aegopodium L., as well as with representatives of the Umbelliferae family. The study showed that the plant Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb. according to the sequences of the rbcL gene, it is closer to the genus Aegopodium L, in contrast to other representatives of the Apiaceae family. However, between them were not found strong similarities.
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ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE POPULATION OF THE SPECIES SCHMALHAUSENIA NIDULANS (REGEL) PETR. OF THE FLORA OF THE NORTHERN TIEN SHAN
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2026-06-20)
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Marzhankul Myrzakhmetovna Dauletbaeva
;
А. А. Шорманова
;
K.К. Khamitova
;
Gani Sadyrov
This article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of populations of the rare endemic species Schmalhausenia nidulans native to the high-mountain regions of the Northern Tien Shan. The aim of the study was to investigate the current state of the species populations by analyzing their numbers, ontogenetic structure, morphometric parameters, and anatomical features. Two natural populations of the species were examined: the first population, located on the Uzynkara Ridge at an altitude of 3003 m above sea level, and the second population, growing on the Ile-Alatau Ridge at an altitude of 3260 m above sea level. During the field research, the population size, age structure, and morphological traits of individuals at the juvenile, immature, virginal, and generative stages of development were studied, and an anatomical analysis of the stem structure was also conducted.
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ECO-BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CURRENT STATE ASSESSMENT OF PHEDIMUS HYBRIDUS AND HYLOTELEPHIUM EWERSII IN THE KOK-ZHAILAU GORGE, FLORA OF THE ILE ALATAU
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2024-12-20)
Tatyana Kobylina
;
Bekzat Tynybekov
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Birlikbay Eszhanov
;
Gulzhan Zhamanbayeva
The article examines the current status of populations of Phedimus hybridus (L.) 't Hart (also known as Sedum hybridum L. and Aizopsis hybrida (L.) Grulich) and Hylotelephium ewersii (Ledeb.) H. Ohba (formerly Sedum ewersii Ledeb.) in the Kok-Zhailau Gorge, part of the flora of the Ile Alatau. The study explores the biology of these species, including their population dynamics and life forms, as well as their ecological responses to specific ecological-cenotic conditions. P. hybridus is valued in traditional medicine for its diverse therapeutic properties, such as anti-inflammatory effects, stimulation of the nervous system, antidepressant and wound-healing actions, and inhibition of leukocytosis. In contrast, H. ewersii is commonly cultivated as an ornamental plant. The article also includes a taxonomic, ecological, and geographical analysis of the flora associated with the populations of P. hybridus and H. ewersii in the Kok-Zhailau Gorge.
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STUDY OF THE HEAVY METALS EFFECT ON THE PIGMENT SYSTEM OF CORN VARIETIES
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2021-07-21)
A. M. Digarbaeva
;
A. N. Kaliyeva
;
N. Aidyn
The degree of adaptation of plants to changes in environmental factors, new environmental conditions depends on the composition of chlorophylls and carotenoids, which are the main photoreceptors of photosynthetic cells. However, the degree of exposure of plants to the pigment complex depends on the type of plant, growth conditions, the composition and concentration of toxicants and the duration of their action. The article describes the effect of heavy metal ions on the photosynthetic pigments of 14-day-old corn varieties (Turan-170, Turan-480, Kazakhstan-435, Tauelsizdik-20), resistant and non-resistant varieties. During the experiment, we concluded that the varieties Turan-170, Turan-480, Tauelsizdik-20 are resistant, and Kazakhstan-435 are intolerant in terms of the content of carotenoids, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b pigments in corn varieties (Figures 2,3,4,5). This is because Kazakhstan-435 may have varietal characteristics. In general, heavy metals have a negative effect on plants, reduce the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids, cause shifts in the structure of the membranes of chloroplasts, which negatively affects the intensity of photosynthesis.

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