OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

ISSN

1608-4217

2410-8561

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Medicinal Plant Resea...

Agricultural Science ...

Genetics and Plant Br...

Agricultural Producti...

Insect Pest Control S...

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Comparative Characteristic of two Cultivars of Winter Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Cultivated in the Southeast of Kazakhstan using the Drip Irrigation Technology
(2017-02-01)
Zhanar Muratovna Yeraliyeva
;
Meruyert Sakenovna Kurmanbayeva
;
Karina Kh. Makhmudova
;
T. Kolev
;
Serik Kenesbayev
The purpose of our research was studying the indicators of grain quality, productivity and analysis of anatomical stem structure during the full maturity of two cultivars of winter common wheat.Novelty of work consists in carrying out such a research using a local standard cultivar Almaly and a new cultivar SWW 2/127 grown using the drip irrigation technology.Researches were carried out in field and laboratory conditions using methods of field experiment, drip irrigation, microscopic section and biometric analysis.Stem structure of the 3rd internode, epidermis thickness, length and width of large conducting bundles, xylem length and width, thickness of parenchyma cell and culm thickness were analyzed.SWW 2/127 cultivar demonstrated increase of the values of these traits.Other biometric indicators of SWW 2/127 cultivar such as thickness of mechanical tissue and bark, length and width of small conducting bundles demonstrated their decreasing in comparison with Almaly cultivar.Some increasing of the total quantity of small conducting bundles of the primary bark of Almaly cultivar was noted in comparison with SWW 2/127 cultivar; and vice versa decreasing of the total quantity of large conducting bundles of Almaly cultivar was observed in comparison with SWW 2/127 cultivar.Almaly cultivar had higher rates of mass of 1000 grains (51.7 g), grain nature (772 g L -1 ), glassiness (85%), protein quantity (15.6%) and gluten quantity (34.4%).Both cultivars formed grain nature, glassiness, starch and protein quantity, gluten quantity at the level of State standards for strong and valuable wheat; gluten quality corresponded to the 2nd group.Indicators of the ear structure of Almaly cultivar were higher than indicators of SWW 2/127 cultivar.Productivity of Almaly cultivar was 91.8 centners per a hectare, seed sowing norm was 2 million grains per a hectare; productivity of SWW 2/127 cultivar at the same norm of seed sowing was 77.4 centners per a hectare.
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Wild Allium longicuspis Regel is a Feral Form of Allium sativum L. in Kazakhstan: A Comparative Molecular Genetic Analysis
(2023-01-01)
Akerke Tokenova
;
Akerke Tokenova
;
GULNARA T. SITPAYEVA
;
Nadezhda Gemejiyeva
;
Saule Suleimenova
The genus Allium L comprises over 1000 species with important nutritional, medicinal and horticultural applications. The natural flora of Kazakhstan is rich in Allium species, including the wild long-pointed onion, A. longicuspis and cultivated A. sativum garlic varieties. It has been hypothesized that A. longicupis is ancestral to A. sativum. We investigated genetic polymorphism in samples of A. longicupis and the A. sativum cultivars “Niki” and “Merey” using start codon targeted polymorphism analysis. Nuclear ribosomal DNA fragments were purified, amplified and tested with 25 primers, finally selecting 12 primers that identified polymorphisms. DNA samples were sequenced, electrophoresed and cluster analysis performed by the construction of dendrograms and principal component analysis. The karyotypes of the different samples were also compared. The results showed that the samples of A. longicupis from natural populations did not differ significantly from those of the cultivated garlic varieties. The results indicate that A. longicupis can be considered a feral, rather than an ancestral, form of A. sativum. These findings have implications both for the breeding and cultivation of garlic varieties and for the taxonomy of the Allium genus.
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Localization of Some Medicinal Plants in the Ile Delta on the Southern Macrosurface of the Zhetysu Alatau (Kazakhstan)
(2023-04-01)
B. Sh. Kaliyev
;
B. Sh. Kaliyev
;
GULNARA T. SITPAYEVA
;
A. Musrat
;
Svetlana Yerekeyeva
In the article, the floral composition of the vicinity of the Ile River on the southern macrosurface of Zhetysu Alatau is determined and a brief description of the endemic species is given. Through the examination and evaluation of expedition data, along with comprehensive research and literature analysis, the study successfully identified species that have experienced a reduction in their distribution range within the study area. Furthermore, the study was able to establish a comprehensive overview of the ecological characteristics and life forms exhibited by the flora in the examined region. An analysis of the indicators of the introduction of some medicinal species (phenological control indicators and seed quality) was conducted in the collection plot of medicinal plants in the main botanical garden and a brief conclusion was drawn based on the information of the introduction.
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Features Resistance of Sugar Sorgo (Sorghum Saccharatum (L.) Pers.) Varieties to Environmental Stress Factors
(2022-01-01)
Mukasheva Danagul
;
Е. А. Киршибаев
;
Gulnaz Baiseitova
;
Adilkhan Orazbayev
;
Gulnur Bolatovna Admanova
One of the types of sorghum, the most drought-resistant crop in the world, sugar sorghum (Sorghum Saccharum) is characterized by the fact that, unlike grain and broom sorghum, its stem juice contains more than 10-20% sugars. Because it can be cultivated in the arid southern regions, where it is either unprofitable or impossible to grow sugar beets, the interest in sugar sorghum is undeniable. The study aimed to identify highyielding varieties of sugar sorghum of domestic and foreign selection with a high content of soluble carbohydrates, characterized by resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Introduction of sugar sorghum in risky agriculture zones of the Republic of Kazakhstan for use as food, feed industries, and alternative renewable energy. The article reveals high-yielding varieties of sugar sorghum of domestic and foreign selection with a high content of soluble carbohydrates, characterized by resistance to adverse environmental conditions and their introduction in the zones of risky farming of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Morphology, Anatomy, Chlorogenic Acid Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Xanthium strumarium L. and Xanthium spinosum L.
(2018-02-01)
Dinara Abdikhaliyevna Aldibekova
;
Murat Kizaibek
;
Mahaya Aisijiang
;
Г. У. Дюскалиева
;
Angsar Taldau
In this study, the morphological, anatomical features, chlorogenic acid content and antioxidant activities of two species from the genus Xanthium, namely Xanthium spinosum L. growing in the slopes of Mount Daubaba in the western part of the Talas Alatau of Tyulkibas region of the South Kazakhstan region and Xanthium strumarium L. growing in the slopes of the Alma-Arasan gorge of the Trans-Ili Alatau, Almaty region, were investigated.Xanthium strumarium L. is a one-year-old widespread plant.Height is 20-100 cm, leaves are straight, pubescent, thinly faceted.On the surface of the stem there are greyish-green or browngreen spots.Xanthium spinosum L. -height is 25-100 cm.Difference of stems from species Xanthium strumarium L. is thickly branched, creeping, low-directed small solid hairs.The main and lateral roots of the plant are well developed.The anatomical structure of the transverse cut of the root of species of the genus Xanthium L. is rounded.The epidermis is completely preserved.In the anatomical structure of the stem the epidermis of the stem is well developed in species Xanthium L. The central cylinder is closed collateral, the single conducting beams are arranged ring-shaped.The leaf plate of the species Xanthium L. consists of loose mesophilic and stem tissues.Conductive beams are well formed in the central system.Besides, a simple, precise, repeatable and accurate HPLC method for determination of chlorogenic acid in samples from the genus Xanthium was developed and validated.It is also observed that the extracts obtained from the leaves or stems of these plants have significant antioxidant activity, which correlated well with chlorogenic acid content of these samples, indicating that chlorogenic acid could be important contributor of antioxidant capacities of species of the genus Xanthium L.
Цитирования (OpenAlex) 5Цитирования (OpenCitations) 6

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