Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Culturable rhizosphere bacteria associated with Alcea nudiflora (Lindl.) Boiss. in the Zailiyskiy Alatau (Kazakhstan): isolation, characterization and functional potential
(Instituto Internacional de Ecologia (Brazil), 2026-01-01)
Akerke Abil
;
Kadir Akan
;
Zhansaya Abdukadirova
;
Damira Yussayeva
;
G. D. Ultanbekova
Abstract The rhizosphere of medicinal plants represents a reservoir of culturable bacteria with potential value for plant protection and biotechnology. In this study, we characterized the culturable rhizosphere bacterial community associated with Alcea nudiflora (Lindl.) Boiss. collected from three sites in the Zailiyskiy Alatau. Rhizosphere microorganisms were isolated using tenfold serial dilutions followed by plating on meat-peptone agar and oatmeal agar, purified by streaking, and phenotypically characterized by colony morphology, Gram staining, and motility assays. Nineteen morphologically distinct isolates were recovered and grouped into four morphotypes: Streptomyces-like actinomycetes, Bacillus-like spore-forming rods, coryneform bacteria, and coccoid forms. All isolates showed a Gram-positive reaction. Antagonistic activity was screened using agar well diffusion, disk diffusion, and agar block assays against test microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, C. utilis, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium chrysogenum). Several isolates exhibited broad or target-specific antagonism, including strains 5/1 (balanced antibacterial and antifungal activity), 4/7 and 7/1 (anti-staphylococcal activity), 9/3 and 8/2 (antifungal activity, including against Candida spp.), and 1/2 (specific activity against A. niger). Overall, these results provide a baseline characterization of the culturable rhizosphere bacteria associated with Alcea nudiflora (Lindl.) Boiss. in this region and identify candidate isolates for molecular identification and plant-focused validation.
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Phytochemical composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of different solvent extracts of Ajania fastigiata (C. Winkl.) Poljakov
(Instituto Internacional de Ecologia (Brazil), 2025-01-01)
Assem Mamurova
;
G. Kairanova
;
G.A. Amеrtayeva
;
Aigul Yedilova
;
Asylkhan A. Rakhymzhan
This study investigates the phytochemical composition and biological activities of six solvent extracts-hexane, ethyl acetate, and hydroethanolic fractions-from the roots and aerial parts of Ajania fastigiata (C. Winkl.) Poljakov (Asteraceae), collected in the mountain regions of southeastern Kazakhstan. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the aerial ethyl acetate extract contained the highest levels of bioactive metabolites, including phenolic compounds (34.22 ± 1.98 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (2.74%), organic acids (1.91%), and coumarins (0.54%). Antioxidant potential was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging assays, with values of SC50 = 133.98 ± 12.91 µg/mL (DPPH) and 209.21 ± 3.70 mg Trolox/g (ABTS). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), determined by the broth microdilution method, showed strong antimicrobial activity of the aerial ethyl acetate fraction, particularly against P.aeruginosa (MIC = 9 µg/mL) and E.faecalis (MIC = 39 µg/mL). Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT assay on NIH-3T3, K562, and Saos cell lines. The aerial ethyl acetate fraction exhibited selective cytotoxic effects, with IC50 values of 210 µg/mL for K562 and 360 µg/mL for Saos, while showing negligible activity toward normal fibroblasts (IC50 > 2500 µg/mL). These results confirm the pharmacological potential of A.fastigiata as a promising natural source of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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