Қазақ ұлттық қыздар педагогикалық университеті / Казахский национальный женский педагогический университет

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    Suboptimal health and cardiovascular risk: Questionnaire-based assessment using SHSQ-25 and SF-36
    (Kharkiv National Medical University, 2025-09-30)
    V.R. Burdina
    ;
    S.I. Danylchenko
    ;
    A.K. Yesselbayeva
    ;
    I.V. Golovchenko
    ;
    D.V. Morozenko
    Background. Suboptimal health is considered an intermediate state between complete health and the early manifestations of chronic diseases. Its detection at the preclinical stage is important for the prevention of cardiovascular disorders and other chronic pathologies. Aim. To systematize and analyze subjective health indicators in apparently healthy individuals and determine their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors using the SHSQ-25 and SF-36 questionnaires. Materials and Methods. A total of 509 individuals aged 34.31±13.79 years were examined. The SHSQ-25 and SF-36 questionnaires were used to assess suboptimal health status and quality of life. Body mass index, blood pressure, glucose and total cholesterol levels, smoking index, and endothelial function were measured using computer photoplethysmography. Multifactorial discriminant analysis was applied for health status classification, and mathematical models were developed to assess the risk of arterial hypertension. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and group comparisons based on different levels of risk factors. Ethics. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki (1964–2024) and European Community Directive 86/609 on the participation of humans in biomedical research. Results. In the examined individuals, five health status clusters were identified: optimal health status, suboptimal health with low risk factors, suboptimal health with high risk factors, cardiovascular phenotype of suboptimal health with low risk factors, and cardiovascular phenotype of suboptimal health with high risk factors. Subjective health assessments obtained using the SHSQ-25 showed significant correlations with blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), endothelial function indicators, body mass index, total cholesterol, and glucose levels. High SHS scores were associated with reduced quality of life according to SF-36, particularly in the physical and mental health components, confirming the impact of suboptimal health on daily activity and psychological well-being. Conclusions. The SHSQ-25 and SF-36 questionnaires are effective primary screening tools for identifying individuals with suboptimal health and increased risk of cardiovascular disorders. Their use in the clinical practice of physical therapists and occupational therapists allows timely identification of at-risk groups and planning of preventive or rehabilitative measures. Health status mathematical modeling improves the accuracy of risk assessment and can be integrated into the physiotherapy program. Keywords: physical therapy and rehabilitation, subjective health, cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life, chronic disease prevention.
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    Metabolic syndrome outcomes and insulin resistance among former elite middle-aged combat sports athletes with a history of rapid weight loss: A case–control study
    (De Gruyter Open, 2026-01-01)
    Nemanja Maksimovic
    ;
    Marko Manojlović
    ;
    Tatjana Trivić
    ;
    Yerlan Seisenbekov
    ;
    Nemanja Lakičević
    Abstract Study aim The objective of this study was to determine metabolic syndrome (MS) outcomes and insulin resistance (IR) among retired combat sports athletes (CSA) who practiced rapid weight loss (RWL) compared with the control group (CG). Material and methods The present case–control study included 56 male former elite middle-aged CSA, as well as 52 respondents in the CG who did not practice RWL during their careers. The MS outcomes referred to the waist circumference, fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The levels of fasting insulin and blood glucose were determined before and following the oral glucose tolerance test. Results Former CSA had significantly higher values of systolic blood pressure ( r = −0.42, p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure ( r = −0.42, p < 0.001), triglycerides ( r = −0.28, p = 0.004), and total cholesterol ( r = −0.25, p = 0.011) compared with the matched CG. The statistically significant differences regarding the fasting insulin ( p = 0.026) and fasting glucose ( p = 0.023) were revealed at the final measurement in favor of the former CSA. The odds of having an MS (68 vs. 19%, respectively, odds ratio = 9.49 [95% confidence interval 3.76, 23.95], p < 0.001) were substantially greater among athletes with a history of RWL relative to the CG. Conclusion The findings of the current study demonstrated that the MS outcomes and IR were more pronounced among former elite middle-aged CSA with a history of RWL compared with the matched male controls.