Қазақ ұлттық қыздар педагогикалық университеті / Казахский национальный женский педагогический университет

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    Effect of agrotechnical and chemical practices on Fusarium rot root in sugar beet production
    (Alex Matsyura Publishing, 2020-10-20)
    А. А. Мауи
    ;
    С. А. Айпеисова
    ;
    Nurlygul Utarbayeva
    ;
    Alex V. Matsyura
    Sugar beet is one of the economically significant industrial crops for the south and southeast of Kazakhstan. In the conditions of Kazakhstan, the best predecessors of sugar beet are winter wheat and alfalfa, which contribute to the improvement of the susceptibility of beet rot. Early plowing by the semi-pair type in the second decade of August allows reducing the susceptibility of root crops to Fusarium rot by 18%. It is shown that 6 centner/ha of wheat straw on the artificial background contributed to decrease in the prevalence of Fusarium rot, on average 1.4 times, Rhizoctoniosis rot – 1.2 times compared with the control. Increasing the rate of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers contribute to the development of root rot (2-3 times) of sugar beet. To reduce the severity of rotten root crops (from 1.3 to 2.5 times), 6 t/ha of wheat straw are proposed to be applied to the soil together with N90P75K70. Seed treatment with tachigaren seed, rovral and fundazol reduces the development of rot by 8.1-16.6% and leads to an increase in yield of root crops by 31.5-50.2 c/ha.
    Цитирования (OpenAlex) 2Цитирования (OpenCitations) 2
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    Preparation of Granular Organic Iodine and Selenium Complex Fertilizer Based on Biochar for Biofortification of Parsley
    (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2024-01-01)
    Yerlan Doszhanov
    ;
    Meiram K. Atamanov
    ;
    Jakpar Jandosov
    ;
    Karina Saurykova
    ;
    Zhandos Bassygarayev
    This study investigates the potential of biochar derived from various biomass sources: apricot kernel (AK), pine sawdust (PS), rice husk (RH), wheat straw (WS), and reed stem (RS) to enhance the yield, nutritional quality, and environmental sustainability of parsley crops. Comprehensive characterization through SEM, EDAX, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, and FTIR analyses identified AK biochar as the most suitable for further enrichment due to its superior specific surface area (512.3 m2/g) and iodine number (51.23 mg/g). EDAX analysis revealed that AK biochar exhibited the highest carbon content (92.1%), while RH biochar contained the highest silicon content (46%), indicating different potential applications. FTIR analysis identified key functional groups, such as carbonyl (1740 cm⁻1) and hydroxyl (3430 cm⁻1) groups, which contribute to the biochar’s reactivity and potential effectiveness in various applications. The effects of selenium (Na2SeO4), iodine (KI), their combination (Na2SeO4 + KI), and BISF (biochar‐enriched iodine and selenium fertilizer) on parsley growth, antioxidant properties, and nutrient accumulation were evaluated. The results demonstrated that joint applications of iodide and selenate led to a 3.1‐fold increase in iodine content (up to 16.8 mg/kg d.w.) and a 1.2‐fold increase in selenium accumulation (up to 2482.1 μg/kg d.w.) in parsley compared to separate treatments. Additionally, BISF treatment significantly improved key biometric parameters, with leaf weight increasing by 1.6 times (up to 326.5 g) compared to the control, and antioxidant content—ascorbic acid, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity—showing increases of 1.56, 1.27, and 1.50 times, respectively. This study underscores the effectiveness of selenium‐ and iodine‐enriched biochar in enhancing parsley crop yield and nutritional quality while also demonstrating the multifunctional role of biochar in environmental remediation.
    Цитирования (OpenAlex) 6Цитирования (OpenCitations) 3
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    Preparation of Polymer-based Composite Films using Cellulose Derived from Agricultural Waste
    (2025-01-01)
    Yerkebulan A. Altynov
    ;
    B. U. Rakhimova
    ;
    Ulan Zhantikeyev
    ;
    Kalampyr Bexeitova
    ;
    Сейтхан Азат
    This study explores the production of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) through delignification of agricultural biomass and investigates its physicochemical properties.Rice husks and wheat straw served as primary biomass sources.The influence of the biomass-to-peroxyacetic acid ratio on MCC yield was systematically evaluated, with optimal yields of 70% from wheat straw and 85% from rice
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    Биошикізат негізіндегі кеуекті көміртекті сорбциялық материалдар алу және физика-химиялық қасиеттерін зерттеу
    (2026-04-06)
    А.Р. Керимкулова
    ;
    Е.Ж. Ермолданов
    ;
    Н.М. Асанбек
    ;
    М.К. Атаманов
    ;
    А.Н. Жумагалиева
    For the first time, an approach to the production of highly efficient porous carbon sorption materials based on lignocellulose agricultural waste has been developed and a comprehensive assessment of their physico-chemical properties has been carried out. Rice husks (RH), walnut shells (WSh), wheat straw (WSt) and pine sawdust (PS) were used as raw materials. The resulting carbonysates were chemically activated with potassium hydroxide at different mass ratios of the activating agent and the carbon matrix. To increase the surface chemical activity of sorbents, potassium hydroxide was used. The morphology of the surface and the elemental composition of the synthesized materials were studied using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion analysis, and the functional groups were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It has been established that an increase in the degree of activation leads to the development of a hierarchical porous structure with the formation of micro-, meso- and macropores, as well as to an increase in the content of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of carbon materials. The greatest microporosity was achieved with a KOH:carbon mass ratio of 1:4. The formed functional structure helps to increase the sorption capacity of materials in relation to toxic pollutants of various nature. The results obtained confirm the prospects of using synthesized carbon sorbents as environmentally safe and economically feasible materials for cleaning air and water environments.
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    Use of Urea-Modified Activated Carbon Sorbents Derived from Plant Residues for Gas Sorption
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2026-07-07)
    Almagul Kerimkulova
    ;
    Yersultan Yermoldanov
    ;
    Aitugan Sabitov
    ;
    Leticia Fernández Velasco
    ;
    Nazym Asanbek
    The growing demand for efficient and sustainable materials for air purification has stimulated interest in activated carbons derived from renewable biomass resources. In this study, activated carbons were prepared from rice husk, wheat straw, sawdust, and walnut shells and systematically investigated as sorbents for toxic gases and volatile organic compounds. The materials were characterized using nitrogen and water vapour sorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis to evaluate their textural properties, morphology, thermal stability, and surface chemistry. The results showed that the precursor type strongly influences the pore structure and functional group composition of the activated carbons. Wheat straw and Rice husk–derived activated carbons exhibited the highest total pore volume and a well-developed porous structure, together with a high content of oxygen- and silicon-containing elements. Gas breakthrough experiments with different probes showed that wheat straw–derived activated carbon excels in VOC removal due to its highly microporous structure. In contrast, rice husk–derived activated carbon displays strong affinity toward inorganic gases such as NH₃ and, after urea modification, achieves enhanced performance for SO₂. These results underscore the versatility and practical applicability of carbon materials obtained from plant residues.