Қазақ ұлттық қыздар педагогикалық университеті / Казахский национальный женский педагогический университет

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    Development of a two-component biological system for soil bioremediation and fertility restoration and its pilot efficiency assessment
    (Instituto Internacional de Ecologia (Brazil), 2026-01-01)
    G.U. Baitasheva
    ;
    А. S. Mussina
    ;
    Ayaulym Umbettulla
    ;
    Khaiyrnisa Aisakulova
    ;
    S. Kabdrakhmanova
    Abstract This article discusses the development and experimental evaluation of a two-component biosystem for the bioremediation of contaminated soils and restoration of their fertility. The proposed system includes a combination of degradative microorganisms and an organomineral biocomponent that improve the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil. The study aims to reduce the level of toxic pollutants, increase soil biological activity, and restore agrochemical parameters necessary for sustainable land management. During pilot trials on prepared model soils before introducing the biosystem, control and experimental groups were established and Phaseolus vulgaris growth rates, changes in phytotoxicity levels, microbiological activity, and soil fertility indicators were assessed. The results demonstrate the high effectiveness of the developed two-component biosystem approach: a reduction in pollutant concentrations, i.e., an improvement in soil structure, and the most pronounced changes in pH were observed with AKKU-36 + P. fluorescens + P. putida +. It was found that pH values in the Epin-Extra variant changed within the range of 6.04–5.80, demonstrating a synergistic effect. The introduction of the two bacteria together with AKKU-36 and, if necessary, Epin-Extra demonstrated an increased ability to support maximum plant growth. The bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida effectively degraded organic pollutants (DDT, Aktara); the seeds in the control variant did not germinate at all, while the other variants showed their bioindices at their level, which confirms their bioremediation activity. The proposed two-component biosystem can be considered a promising, environmentally friendly method for restoring disturbed lands, suitable for use in agriculture and for the environmental rehabilitation of areas affected by anthropogenic impacts.
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    THE EFFECT OF PSEUDOMONAS BACTERIA ON THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF PLANTS UNDER CONDITIONS OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION
    (2026-01-01)
    А.А. Ramazanova
    ;
    Gulzira Izmukhanovna Yernazarova
    ;
    Sana Kabdrakhmanova
    ;
    Khaiyrnisa Aisakulova
    ;
    А.А. Kulbekova
    This study investigated changes in the antioxidant system of Phaseolus vulgaris plants grown in a medium contaminated with heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Zn) and Pseudomonas spp., with the aim of evaluating the bioremediation effect of the bacterial consortium. The results showed that in the control group, antioxidant activity was 25% in the roots, 24% in the leaves, and 27% in the stems. Upon exposure to copper (Cu 0.01), these values increased significantly to 59%, 56%, and 57%, respectively, indicating activation of the antioxidant system in response to severe oxidative stress. When the copper concentration was reduced (Cu 0.001), antioxidant activity decreased to 14% in roots, 11% in leaves, and 18% in stems. In the case of cadmium (Cd 0.01), the values were 19%, 15%, and 18%, whereas in the Cd 0.001 treatment, an increase to 25% in leaves and 31% in stems was observed. Antioxidant activity decreased under zinc (Zn 0.01) exposure and amounted to 11% in roots, 4% in leaves, and 14% in stems, while the lowest values were recorded at Zn 0.001 (3%; 1.73%; 8%). The use of the Pseudomonas spp. consortium increased plant resistance to heavy metals and contributed to the stabilization of the antioxidant system. Overall, the results demonstrate that these bacteria can be used as an effective bioremediation agent by biosorbing heavy metal ions and reducing oxidative stress in plants.
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    Evaluation of an interdisciplinary Project-based STEM model in biotechnology education
    (Suleyman Demirel University, 2026-09-30)
    K. Tursynali
    ;
    А.А. Ramazanova
    ;
    Gulzira Izmukhanovna Yernazarova
    ;
    G.U. Baitasheva
    ;
    А.А. Kulbekova
    The integration of STEM education into biotechnology is essential for developing research competence, interdisciplinary thinking, and practical problem-solving skills in future biology teachers. However, the implementation of interdisciplinary STEM models supported by experimental research and artificial intelligence remains limited in biotechnology education. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an interdisciplinary STEM project integrating biotechnology, ecology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics, and artificial intelligence within biology teacher education. A mixed-methods approach combining laboratory experimentation, project-based learning, questionnaires, interviews, and statistical analysis was employed. The STEM project was based on investigating the effects of copper, zinc, and cadmium on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris, while students applied artificial intelligence tools, including ChatGPT, Claude AI, Python, and OneCompiler, for data processing, visualization, and scientific interpretation. Educational outcomes showed that 83.3% of participants reported mastering the stages of experimental planning, data collection, and data analysis, while 91.7% reported increased interest in biotechnology after completing the project. Participants also reported improved research competence, interdisciplinary understanding, and confidence in applying scientific methods to environmental problems.The scientific novelty of this study lies in the development of an interdisciplinary STEM model that integrates experimental biotechnology, project-based learning, and artificial intelligence into a unified educational framework. The proposed model contributes to strengthening research-oriented biotechnology education and provides a practical approach for preparing future biology teachers capable of addressing interdisciplinary scientific challenges.