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CURRENT SOIL STATE OF POPULATIONS OF SEDUM HYBRIDUM L. AND SEDUM EWERSII LEDEB. FOUND IN THE ZAILIY ALATAU
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2024-01-01)
Tatyana Kobylina
;
Бекзат Тыныбеков
;
Akmaral Nurmahanova
;
Gulmira Satybaldiyeva
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
The article describes the natural soil conditions of Sedum hybridum L. and Sedum ewersii Ledeb—populations area based on the results of field and laboratory soil studies of soils. Soil types, morphological features, chemical composition, nutrient elements, amount of humus, absorbed bases and salt composition, and mechanical composition of soils are determined. The following soil types were identified during field studies: Kokzhailau Gorge (population 1) – chernozem, Turgeni Gorge (population 2) – chernozem, near Kastek River (population 3) – chestnut soil. The humus content in the 0-80 cm layer of chernozem (population 1) of Kokzhailiau gorge is very high, ranging from 5.55-12.81%, the reaction of the soil medium is within pH 7.10-7.40, i.e. CO2 content ranges from 0.16 to 0.34. On chernozems of Turgeni gorge (population 2) humus content in 0-60 cm layer is very high, within 5.90-20.88%, reaction of soil medium within pH 6.15-7.07, amount of CO2 within 0.21-0.34. On chestnut soils near the Kastek River (population 3), the humus content in the 0-73 cm layer was in the range of 1.57-6.92%, the pH ranged from 7.13-8.23, i.e. it was alkaline, the CO2 content was in the range of 0.16 - 0.34. The composition of salts in the chernozems of the Kokzhailau gorge: CO3 - not detected; HCO3- - 0,24- 0,48 ; Cl- – 0.04; CO4- – 0,12-0,92; Sa+ – 0,29-0,49; Mg 2+ – 0,20-0,98; Na+ – 0,05-0,06; To+ – 0,05-0,23; The amount of salts is 0.060-0.083%. It was found that the soils of all 3 populations are not saline, since the amount of salts does not exceed the salinity limit.
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Ecological Monitoring of G. olivieri Griseb Populations, A Medicinal and Food Plant
(2024-01-01)
Moldir Imanaliyeva
;
Elzira Kyrbassova
;
Ahmet Aksoy
;
Mert Can Vardar
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
The subfamily Gentianinae includes approximately 425 species, with the majority belonging to the well-researched genus Gentiana.These species are primarily distributed across the Eurasian continent.The Gentianaceae family, known for its many bioactive compounds, is traditionally used in medicine as an antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, digestive aid, antidepressant, and antianemic agent.The Gentiana olivieri is also used as a bitter tonic stimulant of appetite and food in traditional Kazakh medicine.The ecological monitoring and geobotanical evaluation of G. olivieri populations in a variety of environments in southeast Kazakhstan are presented in this work.Fieldwork in May 2023 focused on G. olivieri flowering specimens in three different areas: the Ile River floodplain, Arkharly Ridge and Arkharly Pass in Zhetysu Region and Degeres-say Gorge in the Almaty region.Using identification guidelines and local herbarium resources, plant materials were confirmed.Geobotanical surveys analyzed population dynamics, including generative and vegetative individuals, growth metrics, and ecological circumstances, using route-reconnaissance methods and Drude's abundance scale.The study area has a variety of soil types and topographies, including serozem, dark chestnut, and meadow-chernozem soils.The distribution and vitality of G. olivieri are influenced by temperature, precipitation, and soil composition fluctuations, as demonstrated by soil and meteorological data collected in 2023-2024.The results show that there are three primary populations, each with unique phytocenotic and ecological circumstances.Whereas the populations on Arkharly Ridge and the floodplain of the Ile River exhibit distinct floristic compositions and environmental interactions, the Degeres-say Gorge sustains a high density of G. olivieri in dense clonal groups.According to the investigation, G. olivieri exhibits remarkable ecological adaptability, with populations flourishing in a variety of environments despite pressure from humans.The abundance of commercially useful species found in these areas' vegetation, such as fodder and medicinal plants, highlights the importance of G. olivieri ecosystems from both an ecological and financial standpoint.Results indicated that humus content across all soil samples was below 2% (very low), with a highly alkaline PH.CO2 levels were low, while phosphorus and potassium reserves were significant among the mobile forms of nutrients.Mobile phosphorus levels in the upper soil horizons (0-15 cm) ranged from 160 to 450 mg/kg, and potassium levels ranged from 150 to 450 mg/kg.Mobile nitrogen content was between 30 and 40 mg/kg.Granulometric analysis showed that coarse dust fractions predominated in all soil sections.The findings suggest that G. olivieri populations are well-adapted to their diverse habitats but require conservation measures to mitigate anthropogenic impacts.This comprehensive study provides valuable insights into the ecological status and distribution of G. olivieri, contributing to the understanding and preservation of this medicinal plant species in southeastern Kazakhstan.
Цитирования (OpenAlex) 5Цитирования (OpenCitations) 2
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ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS L. AND PLATYCLADUS ORIENTALIS L. SPECIES ON THE ECOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF SOILS IN ALMATY CONDITIONS
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2025-03-30)
Nurgul Yerezhepova
;
Kanat Qulymbet
;
Ainur Yerezhepova
Most of the pollutants from the atmosphere of the urbanised area get into the soil. Due to the increase in population and motor transport in Almaty city there is a high level of atmospheric air pollution, increased content of heavy metals in the soil. Accumulation of heavy metals by green trees from the soil positively affects soil conditions, in this regard, it is relevant to assess the current state of soil cover of regions where Thuja occidentalis L. and Platycladus orientalis L. trees grow. In the article, to determine the influence of western and eastern thuja trees on soil composition, soil were obtained with coordinates at point 2 and control point, where trees of thuja species grew side by side. Total and mobile content of heavy metals in soil (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Morphological characterisation of the soil cover was made, granulometric composition and soil types were determined by the Tyurin method. Point 1 Thuja occidentalis L. humus content in soil cuttings on which the tree was growing showed maximum content of 3.82% in 0-10 cm, while Platycladus orientalis L. when growing the humus content is low 1.86%, the soil in point 2 opposite Platycladus orientalis L. humus content of 2.96% when growing Thuja occidentalis L. (2.14%) has a higher humus content compared to the augmented soil. Thuja occidentalis L. and Platycladus orientalis L. in the control, where the species grew together, the humus content is 3.1%. the pH value ranged from 8.26 to 8.81, with soil cuttings generally showing a strong alkaline environment. Among the heavy metals, Zn, Cu and Fe were found to be significantly above the MAC in the soil, meaning that the soils of the study area were contaminated with heavy metals. At profile 1, the soil on which western thuja grew has less amount of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe compared to the soil on which eastern thuja grew, Mn- and others are above MAC. At profile 3, only the Fe size of Platycladus orientalis L. is higher in the overgrown soil. Thuja occidentalis L. and Platycladus orientalis L. where the species grew together, the amount of Mn decreased by 452.2µg/kg. The study showed that the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil decreased when growing the western thuja species compared to the eastern thuja species. Keywords: Thuja, soil cover, granulometric composition, humus, heavy metals, MPC
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Development of a two-component biological system for soil bioremediation and fertility restoration and its pilot efficiency assessment
(Instituto Internacional de Ecologia (Brazil), 2026-01-01)
G.U. Baitasheva
;
А. S. Mussina
;
Ayaulym Umbettulla
;
Khaiyrnisa Aisakulova
;
S. Kabdrakhmanova
Abstract This article discusses the development and experimental evaluation of a two-component biosystem for the bioremediation of contaminated soils and restoration of their fertility. The proposed system includes a combination of degradative microorganisms and an organomineral biocomponent that improve the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil. The study aims to reduce the level of toxic pollutants, increase soil biological activity, and restore agrochemical parameters necessary for sustainable land management. During pilot trials on prepared model soils before introducing the biosystem, control and experimental groups were established and Phaseolus vulgaris growth rates, changes in phytotoxicity levels, microbiological activity, and soil fertility indicators were assessed. The results demonstrate the high effectiveness of the developed two-component biosystem approach: a reduction in pollutant concentrations, i.e., an improvement in soil structure, and the most pronounced changes in pH were observed with AKKU-36 + P. fluorescens + P. putida +. It was found that pH values in the Epin-Extra variant changed within the range of 6.04–5.80, demonstrating a synergistic effect. The introduction of the two bacteria together with AKKU-36 and, if necessary, Epin-Extra demonstrated an increased ability to support maximum plant growth. The bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida effectively degraded organic pollutants (DDT, Aktara); the seeds in the control variant did not germinate at all, while the other variants showed their bioindices at their level, which confirms their bioremediation activity. The proposed two-component biosystem can be considered a promising, environmentally friendly method for restoring disturbed lands, suitable for use in agriculture and for the environmental rehabilitation of areas affected by anthropogenic impacts.
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Regional Variation in Plant Community Composition and Soil Properties of Alcea nudiflora Habitats Along an Elevational Gradient in the Trans-Ili Alatau, Kazakhstan
(PAGEPress (Italy), 2026-10-09)
Akerke Abil
;
Saltanat Nazarbekova
;
Серик Бакиров
;
Zhansaya Abdukadirova
;
Mira Aytzhanova
Wild plant populations in mountain ecosystems often depend on specific combinations of soil, vegetation and microsite conditions. Alcea nudiflora (Lindl.) Boiss. is a poorly studied Malvaceae species in Central Asia, and its population structure across different soil and vegetation conditions in the Trans-Ili Alatau remains insufficiently documented. We assessed three natural populations of A. nudiflora along an elevational gradient in the Trans-Ili Alatau, Kazakhstan: P1 at 900 m a.s.l., P2 at 1438 m a.s.l. and P3 at 1620 m a.s.l. Floristic composition, vegetation structure, ontogenetic stages and soil physicochemical properties were analysed using field surveys, 10 × 10 m plots, soil descriptions, laboratory analyses and exploratory ordination. P1 occurred in relatively open meadow–shrub vegetation and showed the strongest coenotic expression of A. nudiflora, with 62 individuals recorded within the 100 m2 vegetation plot and a broad representation of major ontogenetic stages. In P2, A. nudiflora remained a regular component of shrub–meadow and forest-edge vegetation, whereas in P3, the species occurred sparsely and was restricted to meadow openings, forest-edge gaps, and local microsites. Surface soil properties varied among habitats. In the upper horizon, P1 had 3.67% humus, 95.2 mg kg−1 readily hydrolysable N, 36.0 mg kg−1 available P2O5, 610 mg kg−1 available K2O, pH 8.41 and 4.28% CO2; P2 had 3.72% humus, 39.2 mg kg−1 readily hydrolysable N, 44.8 mg kg−1 available P2O5, 450 mg kg−1 available K2O, pH 8.23 and 0.54% CO2. PCA explained 37.1%, 33.8% and 9.4% of variance on PC1–PC3, summarizing gradients of nutrients, texture, carbonates and alkalinity. The results indicate that population status is associated with surface soil conditions, vegetation structure and microsite availability rather than elevation alone.

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