Жарияланымдар / Публикации

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    Acid Modification of Diatomite-Based Sorbents
    (2020-09-30)
    Araylim Nurgain
    ;
    Meruyert Nazhipkyzy
    ;
    Aizhan A. Zhaparova
    ;
    Almagul Issanbekova
    ;
    Michela Alfè
    In this work, the effect of acid pre-treatment (hydrochloric acid, HCl) and calcination of diatomite, a silicon dioxide-material from natural sources, was studied with the aim to obtain diatomite-based sorbents with specific physicochemical properties. For this, acid pre-treatments with HCl at different calcination conditions, namely HCl concentration (0.5, 1 M) and calcination temperatures (from 600 to 900 °C) were studied. Morphological features different from those of natural diatomite were obtained. It has been found that treatment of diatomite with 0.5 M HCl at 800 °C showed a specific pore volume of 0.008 cm3/g, and a specific surface area of 19.26 m2/g, while the treatment of diatomite with 1.0 M HCl showed a specific pore volume of 0.011cm3/g, and a specific surface area of 25.57 m2/g. The performance of the acid pretreatment of diatomite for adsorption of Pb ions from water was also studied.
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    Механохимическая обработка природного сырья и техногенных отходов для получения теплоизоляционных материалов
    (2025-10-17)
    Alua Maten
    ;
    Bakhtiyar S. Sadykov
    ;
    Aida Artykbayeva
    ;
    А.С. Әділхан
    ;
    Anar Zhapekova
    Re-using ash-slag waste from coal-fired power plants for thermal-insulation products offers a viable route to waste valorisation and energy saving. In this work, natural diatomite and ash-slag waste were jointly mechanochemically activated for 20 min in a «NXQM-2A» centrifugal planetary mill (powder-to-ball mass ratio 1:4) and simultaneously modified with graphite. High-energy milling destroyed residual crystalline phases, increased the amorphous aluminosilicate fraction and preserved an intrinsic pore network, which lowered the thermal conductivity of the composites to 0.10-0.12 W/m·K while raising bulk density and compressive strength (diatomite: 5.6-23.2 MPa; fly ash: 10.5-37.6 MPa). Addition of 10 wt % graphite further enhanced the hydrophobicity of diatomite – reducing water uptake by about 50% produced the minimum λ-value (0.11 W/m·K) for the ash-slag system. Conversely, 20 wt% graphite generated excessive macroporosity, lowering strength to 4-2 MPa and diminishing moisture resistance. Thus, mechanochemical activation combined with moderate graphite dosing markedly improves the thermal (lower λ) and mechanical (higher strength) performance of diatomite- and ash-based composites while simultaneously decreasing water absorption. The results confirm the feasibility of upcycling ash-slag waste into high-efficiency insulation materials suitable for building envelopes and other thermal-barrier applications.