Жарияланымдар / Публикации

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    CURRENT SOIL STATE OF POPULATIONS OF SEDUM HYBRIDUM L. AND SEDUM EWERSII LEDEB. FOUND IN THE ZAILIY ALATAU
    (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2024-01-01)
    Tatyana Kobylina
    ;
    Бекзат Тыныбеков
    ;
    Akmaral Nurmahanova
    ;
    Gulmira Satybaldiyeva
    ;
    Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
    The article describes the natural soil conditions of Sedum hybridum L. and Sedum ewersii Ledeb—populations area based on the results of field and laboratory soil studies of soils. Soil types, morphological features, chemical composition, nutrient elements, amount of humus, absorbed bases and salt composition, and mechanical composition of soils are determined. The following soil types were identified during field studies: Kokzhailau Gorge (population 1) – chernozem, Turgeni Gorge (population 2) – chernozem, near Kastek River (population 3) – chestnut soil. The humus content in the 0-80 cm layer of chernozem (population 1) of Kokzhailiau gorge is very high, ranging from 5.55-12.81%, the reaction of the soil medium is within pH 7.10-7.40, i.e. CO2 content ranges from 0.16 to 0.34. On chernozems of Turgeni gorge (population 2) humus content in 0-60 cm layer is very high, within 5.90-20.88%, reaction of soil medium within pH 6.15-7.07, amount of CO2 within 0.21-0.34. On chestnut soils near the Kastek River (population 3), the humus content in the 0-73 cm layer was in the range of 1.57-6.92%, the pH ranged from 7.13-8.23, i.e. it was alkaline, the CO2 content was in the range of 0.16 - 0.34. The composition of salts in the chernozems of the Kokzhailau gorge: CO3 - not detected; HCO3- - 0,24- 0,48 ; Cl- – 0.04; CO4- – 0,12-0,92; Sa+ – 0,29-0,49; Mg 2+ – 0,20-0,98; Na+ – 0,05-0,06; To+ – 0,05-0,23; The amount of salts is 0.060-0.083%. It was found that the soils of all 3 populations are not saline, since the amount of salts does not exceed the salinity limit.
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    Development of a two-component biological system for soil bioremediation and fertility restoration and its pilot efficiency assessment
    (Instituto Internacional de Ecologia (Brazil), 2026-01-01)
    G.U. Baitasheva
    ;
    А. S. Mussina
    ;
    Ayaulym Umbettulla
    ;
    Khaiyrnisa Aisakulova
    ;
    S. Kabdrakhmanova
    Abstract This article discusses the development and experimental evaluation of a two-component biosystem for the bioremediation of contaminated soils and restoration of their fertility. The proposed system includes a combination of degradative microorganisms and an organomineral biocomponent that improve the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil. The study aims to reduce the level of toxic pollutants, increase soil biological activity, and restore agrochemical parameters necessary for sustainable land management. During pilot trials on prepared model soils before introducing the biosystem, control and experimental groups were established and Phaseolus vulgaris growth rates, changes in phytotoxicity levels, microbiological activity, and soil fertility indicators were assessed. The results demonstrate the high effectiveness of the developed two-component biosystem approach: a reduction in pollutant concentrations, i.e., an improvement in soil structure, and the most pronounced changes in pH were observed with AKKU-36 + P. fluorescens + P. putida +. It was found that pH values in the Epin-Extra variant changed within the range of 6.04–5.80, demonstrating a synergistic effect. The introduction of the two bacteria together with AKKU-36 and, if necessary, Epin-Extra demonstrated an increased ability to support maximum plant growth. The bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida effectively degraded organic pollutants (DDT, Aktara); the seeds in the control variant did not germinate at all, while the other variants showed their bioindices at their level, which confirms their bioremediation activity. The proposed two-component biosystem can be considered a promising, environmentally friendly method for restoring disturbed lands, suitable for use in agriculture and for the environmental rehabilitation of areas affected by anthropogenic impacts.