Жарияланымдар / Публикации

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CURRENT SOIL STATE OF POPULATIONS OF SEDUM HYBRIDUM L. AND SEDUM EWERSII LEDEB. FOUND IN THE ZAILIY ALATAU
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2024-01-01)
Tatyana Kobylina
;
Бекзат Тыныбеков
;
Akmaral Nurmahanova
;
Gulmira Satybaldiyeva
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
The article describes the natural soil conditions of Sedum hybridum L. and Sedum ewersii Ledeb—populations area based on the results of field and laboratory soil studies of soils. Soil types, morphological features, chemical composition, nutrient elements, amount of humus, absorbed bases and salt composition, and mechanical composition of soils are determined. The following soil types were identified during field studies: Kokzhailau Gorge (population 1) – chernozem, Turgeni Gorge (population 2) – chernozem, near Kastek River (population 3) – chestnut soil. The humus content in the 0-80 cm layer of chernozem (population 1) of Kokzhailiau gorge is very high, ranging from 5.55-12.81%, the reaction of the soil medium is within pH 7.10-7.40, i.e. CO2 content ranges from 0.16 to 0.34. On chernozems of Turgeni gorge (population 2) humus content in 0-60 cm layer is very high, within 5.90-20.88%, reaction of soil medium within pH 6.15-7.07, amount of CO2 within 0.21-0.34. On chestnut soils near the Kastek River (population 3), the humus content in the 0-73 cm layer was in the range of 1.57-6.92%, the pH ranged from 7.13-8.23, i.e. it was alkaline, the CO2 content was in the range of 0.16 - 0.34. The composition of salts in the chernozems of the Kokzhailau gorge: CO3 - not detected; HCO3- - 0,24- 0,48 ; Cl- – 0.04; CO4- – 0,12-0,92; Sa+ – 0,29-0,49; Mg 2+ – 0,20-0,98; Na+ – 0,05-0,06; To+ – 0,05-0,23; The amount of salts is 0.060-0.083%. It was found that the soils of all 3 populations are not saline, since the amount of salts does not exceed the salinity limit.
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Ecological Monitoring of G. olivieri Griseb Populations, A Medicinal and Food Plant
(2024-01-01)
Moldir Imanaliyeva
;
Elzira Kyrbassova
;
Ahmet Aksoy
;
Mert Can Vardar
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
The subfamily Gentianinae includes approximately 425 species, with the majority belonging to the well-researched genus Gentiana.These species are primarily distributed across the Eurasian continent.The Gentianaceae family, known for its many bioactive compounds, is traditionally used in medicine as an antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, digestive aid, antidepressant, and antianemic agent.The Gentiana olivieri is also used as a bitter tonic stimulant of appetite and food in traditional Kazakh medicine.The ecological monitoring and geobotanical evaluation of G. olivieri populations in a variety of environments in southeast Kazakhstan are presented in this work.Fieldwork in May 2023 focused on G. olivieri flowering specimens in three different areas: the Ile River floodplain, Arkharly Ridge and Arkharly Pass in Zhetysu Region and Degeres-say Gorge in the Almaty region.Using identification guidelines and local herbarium resources, plant materials were confirmed.Geobotanical surveys analyzed population dynamics, including generative and vegetative individuals, growth metrics, and ecological circumstances, using route-reconnaissance methods and Drude's abundance scale.The study area has a variety of soil types and topographies, including serozem, dark chestnut, and meadow-chernozem soils.The distribution and vitality of G. olivieri are influenced by temperature, precipitation, and soil composition fluctuations, as demonstrated by soil and meteorological data collected in 2023-2024.The results show that there are three primary populations, each with unique phytocenotic and ecological circumstances.Whereas the populations on Arkharly Ridge and the floodplain of the Ile River exhibit distinct floristic compositions and environmental interactions, the Degeres-say Gorge sustains a high density of G. olivieri in dense clonal groups.According to the investigation, G. olivieri exhibits remarkable ecological adaptability, with populations flourishing in a variety of environments despite pressure from humans.The abundance of commercially useful species found in these areas' vegetation, such as fodder and medicinal plants, highlights the importance of G. olivieri ecosystems from both an ecological and financial standpoint.Results indicated that humus content across all soil samples was below 2% (very low), with a highly alkaline PH.CO2 levels were low, while phosphorus and potassium reserves were significant among the mobile forms of nutrients.Mobile phosphorus levels in the upper soil horizons (0-15 cm) ranged from 160 to 450 mg/kg, and potassium levels ranged from 150 to 450 mg/kg.Mobile nitrogen content was between 30 and 40 mg/kg.Granulometric analysis showed that coarse dust fractions predominated in all soil sections.The findings suggest that G. olivieri populations are well-adapted to their diverse habitats but require conservation measures to mitigate anthropogenic impacts.This comprehensive study provides valuable insights into the ecological status and distribution of G. olivieri, contributing to the understanding and preservation of this medicinal plant species in southeastern Kazakhstan.
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Study of Morphogenesis and Anatomical Structure of Arctium tomentosum Mill. Native to Kazakhstan
(Polish Society of Ecological Engineering, 2024-07-01)
Akmaral Nurmahanova
;
Aigul Аkhmetova
;
Saule Atabayeva
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Assel Childibayeva
The article presents the biological features of Arctium tomentosum Mill. in natural and sowing conditions, the changes in morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs in ontogenesis.The growth rate of the germinal root was quite active, and the formation of many lateral roots was observed at the juvenile stage of life.There was an increase of the neck of the germinal root in the immature state, the formation of primary and secondary lateral roots in length, and an increase in the level of growth of the germinal root in the virginal age state.In the generative state, in the second year of life, the lateral roots form two distinct layers.The seed shell in the natural environment is lamellar, without protein, the seed is well ripened.In the next juvenile state, it was observed that the components of the xylem and phloem were not fully formed in the leaf-like cotyledon, with an underdeveloped mesophyll, of a homogeneous type.The first anatomical features in the root structure have been clarified.The size and shape of mesophyll cells are stable, columnar and loose parenchyma are determined, conductive tissues are formed.The anatomical structure of the root undergoes a period of over-development.In the generative state, the size of the central cylinder increased in the structure of the root, the layer of cutin thickened on the leaves, and the layer of columnar mesophyll containing chlorophyll grains increased.There was an accumulation of idiotic cells and needle-like calcium oxalate druzes in the root.
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The Volatile Compounds Composition of Different Parts of Wild Kazakhstan Sedum ewersii Ledeb.
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2024-07-05)
Tatyana Kobylina
;
Andriy Novikov
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Elzira Kyrbassova
;
Saltanat Nazarbekova
The chemical composition of Sedum ewersii Ledeb., a plant indigenous to Kazakhstan and traditionally utilized in folk medicine, was comprehensively investigated, with a focus on its various plant parts. Fresh samples collected in May 2023 from the Almaty region underwent hydrodistillation to extract volatile components, followed by analysis using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection, which identified a total of 71 compounds across different plant parts, including the root (underground part), root (aerial part), leaf, stem, and flowering aerial part. The predominant biologically active compound identified across all plant parts was Ethyl α-D-glucopyranoside. Monoterpenes, recognized as primary secondary metabolites, were notably abundant in each plant part, with varying compositions: the root (underground part) contained 28.58% aliphatic monoterpenes, 54.41% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 1.42% diterpenoids, and 15.59% other compounds; the root (aerial part) exhibited 1.34% aliphatic monoterpenes, 31.28% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 6.16% diterpenoids, and 61.22% other compounds; the stem and leaves showed 3.06% aliphatic monoterpenes, 21.49% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 17.99% diterpenoids, and 57.46% other compounds; and the flowering aerial part displayed 8.20% aliphatic monoterpenes, 53.18% oxygenated monoterpenoids, 23.75% diterpenoids, and 14.87% other compounds. Diterpenes, particularly Phytol, were prominently present in the leaf, stem, and flowering aerial parts. Additionally, a diverse array of organic acids, ketones, and phenolic compounds were identified across the plant parts, each potentially offering distinct pharmacological benefits. The presence of exclusive compounds in specific plant parts, such as Dihydroxyacetone in the root (aerial part), underscored the pharmacological diversity of S. ewersii. This study provides valuable insights into the chemical diversity and pharmacological potential of S. ewersii, suggesting promising applications in pharmaceutical and medicinal fields. Further research aimed at elucidating the individual and synergistic pharmacological effects of these compounds is crucial to fully harness the therapeutic benefits of this plant.
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ECO-BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CURRENT STATE ASSESSMENT OF PHEDIMUS HYBRIDUS AND HYLOTELEPHIUM EWERSII IN THE KOK-ZHAILAU GORGE, FLORA OF THE ILE ALATAU
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2024-12-20)
Tatyana Kobylina
;
Bekzat Tynybekov
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Birlikbay Eszhanov
;
Gulzhan Zhamanbayeva
The article examines the current status of populations of Phedimus hybridus (L.) 't Hart (also known as Sedum hybridum L. and Aizopsis hybrida (L.) Grulich) and Hylotelephium ewersii (Ledeb.) H. Ohba (formerly Sedum ewersii Ledeb.) in the Kok-Zhailau Gorge, part of the flora of the Ile Alatau. The study explores the biology of these species, including their population dynamics and life forms, as well as their ecological responses to specific ecological-cenotic conditions. P. hybridus is valued in traditional medicine for its diverse therapeutic properties, such as anti-inflammatory effects, stimulation of the nervous system, antidepressant and wound-healing actions, and inhibition of leukocytosis. In contrast, H. ewersii is commonly cultivated as an ornamental plant. The article also includes a taxonomic, ecological, and geographical analysis of the flora associated with the populations of P. hybridus and H. ewersii in the Kok-Zhailau Gorge.
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ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE POPULATION OF THE SPECIES RHEUM WITTROCKII LUNDSTR. FLORA OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2025-12-30)
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Kuralai Orazbekova
;
Marzhankul Dauletbayeva
;
Ainur Tanybayeva
;
Bayan Tussupova
This article is devoted to the study of the current state of the Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. species population, floristic composition and ecological characteristics of this species populations in the Uzynkara and Ile-Alatau ridges, Almaty region. Rheum wittrockii Lundstr., an ancient genus of the Neogene period of Asian origin, includes 9 species in Kazakhstan. Three natural populations of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. were studied in various ecological and phytocenotic conditions of the Uzynkara and Ile-Alatau ridges. Rheum wittrockii in the studied areas are distributed in the middle part of the forest belt of mid-mountains where they exhibit high adaptive abilities, which indicate their ecological plasticity, are characterized by high rates of seed and vegetative reproduction, are resistant to diseases, retain a characteristic habitus in culture, are highly decorative and can be recommended for use in landscaping. In most populations of Rheum wittrockii, generative and virginal individuals prevailed, less often pregenerative individuals played the main role in the population. As a result of the monitoring, the population size in the studied area has been rapidly declining in recent decades, which requires necessary measures to preserve and restore the population size of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. species in the studied area. To maintain and ensure normal life of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. populations in the studied areas, it is necessary to standardize the degree of anthropogenic impacts. The main anthropogenic threats to the rare species Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. are overgrazing, habitat disturbance, which have led to a reduction in populations, which will require conservation strategies such as habitat monitoring. Keywords: natural populations, plant communities, rare species, Uzynkara. Ile Alatau
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Biodiversity and the Influence of Environmental Gradients on the Distribution and Drought Adaptation of Atraphaxis muschketowii Krasn. (Polygonaceae) in Southeastern Kazakhstan
(2026-01-01)
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Marzhankul Dauletbayeva
;
Kuralai Orazbekova
;
Chinargul Aldassugurova
;
Kusaev Shaganbek
Atraphaxis muschketowii is listed on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red list of threatened species and the red data book of Kazakhstan; however, its population status and distribution remain poorly understood.Species of the genus Atraphaxis are considered promising medicinal plants, the biological activity and therapeutic properties of which are determined by their phytochemical composition.In folk medicine, Atraphaxis is used for gastrointestinal and skin diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and hypotensive properties.This study is a comprehensive
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ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE POPULATION OF THE SPECIES SCHMALHAUSENIA NIDULANS (REGEL) PETR. OF THE FLORA OF THE NORTHERN TIEN SHAN
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2026-06-20)
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Marzhankul Myrzakhmetovna Dauletbaeva
;
А. А. Шорманова
;
K.К. Khamitova
;
Gani Sadyrov
This article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of populations of the rare endemic species Schmalhausenia nidulans native to the high-mountain regions of the Northern Tien Shan. The aim of the study was to investigate the current state of the species populations by analyzing their numbers, ontogenetic structure, morphometric parameters, and anatomical features. Two natural populations of the species were examined: the first population, located on the Uzynkara Ridge at an altitude of 3003 m above sea level, and the second population, growing on the Ile-Alatau Ridge at an altitude of 3260 m above sea level. During the field research, the population size, age structure, and morphological traits of individuals at the juvenile, immature, virginal, and generative stages of development were studied, and an anatomical analysis of the stem structure was also conducted.

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