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Adaptation Features of Gentiana tianschanica Rupr. Populations to Environmental Factors in Kazakhstan
(2024-01-01)
Бекзат Тыныбеков
;
Moldir Imanaliyeva
;
Askhat Kuatbayev
;
Gulmira Satybaldiyeva
;
Elmira Boribay
The study investigates the current state, floristic composition, and ecological characteristics of Gentiana tianschanica populations in the Ile-Alatau region, part of the Ile-Alatau National Park, Kazakhstan.Gentiana L., an ancient boreal genus, includes 31 species in Kazakhstan, such as the endemic Gentiana dschungarica.Known for medicinal uses, especially for gastrointestinal and urogenital disorders, interest in gentians has risen for ornamental and pharmacological applications.Nine natural populations of G. tianschanica were studied in diverse ecological and phytocoenotic conditions of the Ile-Alatau mountains.Soil analyses revealed significant differences in the physicochemical properties of the species' habitats.In the Kimasar Gorge, mountain-meadow chestnut soils with a light loamy texture were observed, while the Big Almaty Gorge featured dark chestnut soils rich in humus (7.36-18.78%)and nutrients such as nitrogen (120.4-140.0mg/kg), phosphorus (58-98 mg/kg), and potassium (470-1000 mg/kg).These findings emphasize the species 'adaptation to varying altitudinal and climatic zones.Phytochemical analysis showed G. tianschanica is rich in bioactive compounds, including phenolics, bitter glycosides, flavonoids, and alkaloids.Total phenol content reached 1567.17-9008.20mg of gallic acid/100 g, with the highest levels in leaves.Flavonoids (up to 1358.25 mg catechin/100 g) and vitamin C (up to 244.7 mg/100 g) were significant.Syringic acid (1685.8mg/100 g), quercetin (317.4 mg/100 g), and chlorogenic acid (237.5 mg/100 g) highlighted antioxidant and antiinflammatory potential.The antioxidant activity, particularly in leaves, reached 530.30 mg Trolox/100 g.Anthropogenic threats, including overgrazing and habitat disturbance, have led to declining populations, necessitating conservation strategies like habitat monitoring, protective regimes, and sustainable medicinal plant use.This study underscores the ecological and phytochemical significance of G. tianschanica, which is vital for biodiversity conservation and pharmaceutical development.
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CURRENT SOIL STATE OF POPULATIONS OF SEDUM HYBRIDUM L. AND SEDUM EWERSII LEDEB. FOUND IN THE ZAILIY ALATAU
(Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2024-01-01)
Tatyana Kobylina
;
Бекзат Тыныбеков
;
Akmaral Nurmahanova
;
Gulmira Satybaldiyeva
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
The article describes the natural soil conditions of Sedum hybridum L. and Sedum ewersii Ledeb—populations area based on the results of field and laboratory soil studies of soils. Soil types, morphological features, chemical composition, nutrient elements, amount of humus, absorbed bases and salt composition, and mechanical composition of soils are determined. The following soil types were identified during field studies: Kokzhailau Gorge (population 1) – chernozem, Turgeni Gorge (population 2) – chernozem, near Kastek River (population 3) – chestnut soil. The humus content in the 0-80 cm layer of chernozem (population 1) of Kokzhailiau gorge is very high, ranging from 5.55-12.81%, the reaction of the soil medium is within pH 7.10-7.40, i.e. CO2 content ranges from 0.16 to 0.34. On chernozems of Turgeni gorge (population 2) humus content in 0-60 cm layer is very high, within 5.90-20.88%, reaction of soil medium within pH 6.15-7.07, amount of CO2 within 0.21-0.34. On chestnut soils near the Kastek River (population 3), the humus content in the 0-73 cm layer was in the range of 1.57-6.92%, the pH ranged from 7.13-8.23, i.e. it was alkaline, the CO2 content was in the range of 0.16 - 0.34. The composition of salts in the chernozems of the Kokzhailau gorge: CO3 - not detected; HCO3- - 0,24- 0,48 ; Cl- – 0.04; CO4- – 0,12-0,92; Sa+ – 0,29-0,49; Mg 2+ – 0,20-0,98; Na+ – 0,05-0,06; To+ – 0,05-0,23; The amount of salts is 0.060-0.083%. It was found that the soils of all 3 populations are not saline, since the amount of salts does not exceed the salinity limit.
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Study of Morphogenesis and Anatomical Structure of Arctium tomentosum Mill. Native to Kazakhstan
(Polish Society of Ecological Engineering, 2024-07-01)
Akmaral Nurmahanova
;
Aigul Аkhmetova
;
Saule Atabayeva
;
Gulbanu Aueskhanovna Sadyrova
;
Assel Childibayeva
The article presents the biological features of Arctium tomentosum Mill. in natural and sowing conditions, the changes in morpho-anatomical structure of vegetative organs in ontogenesis.The growth rate of the germinal root was quite active, and the formation of many lateral roots was observed at the juvenile stage of life.There was an increase of the neck of the germinal root in the immature state, the formation of primary and secondary lateral roots in length, and an increase in the level of growth of the germinal root in the virginal age state.In the generative state, in the second year of life, the lateral roots form two distinct layers.The seed shell in the natural environment is lamellar, without protein, the seed is well ripened.In the next juvenile state, it was observed that the components of the xylem and phloem were not fully formed in the leaf-like cotyledon, with an underdeveloped mesophyll, of a homogeneous type.The first anatomical features in the root structure have been clarified.The size and shape of mesophyll cells are stable, columnar and loose parenchyma are determined, conductive tissues are formed.The anatomical structure of the root undergoes a period of over-development.In the generative state, the size of the central cylinder increased in the structure of the root, the layer of cutin thickened on the leaves, and the layer of columnar mesophyll containing chlorophyll grains increased.There was an accumulation of idiotic cells and needle-like calcium oxalate druzes in the root.
Цитирования (OpenAlex) 5Цитирования (OpenCitations) 4

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